Allgemeines zu Debian 8.0 Jessie

Debian 8.0 Jessie, benötige Perl- und PHPModule

+ perlmodule  (unter nicht-installiert -> perl)
	libarchive-zip-perl
	libclass-dbi-mysql-perl
	libclass-dbi-perl
	libconvert-ber
	libcrypt-gpg-perl
	libcrypt-unixcrypt-perl
	libdbd-mysql-perl
	libimage-exif-perl
	libimage-exiftool-perl
	libimage-size-perl
	libio-string
	libio-stty-perl
	libmime-lite-perl
	libmime-tools-perl
	libmp3-info-perl
	libmp3-tag-perl
	libnet-ssh-perl
	libsys-cpuload-perl
	libtext-csv-perl
	liburi-find-perl

+ php5			bei Jessie und PHP5 sind viele vorausgewählt
	php5-cli (default)
	php5-curl
	php5-gd (default)
	php5-imagick
	php5-imap
	php5-ldap
	php5-mcrypt (default)
	php5-mysql (default)
	libphp-phpmailer

Rechner umbenennen oder IP Adresse ändern

/etc/hosts
/etc/hostname
/etc/mailname
/etc/exim4/update-exim4.conf.conf
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/network/interfaces

/etc/apt/apt.conf

Konfiguration von Grub 2 aktualisieren

# update-grub2
# grub-mkconfig 

Platte > 2 TB partitionieren

# parted /dev/sdf
(parted) mklabel gpt                                                      
(parted) mkpart primary ext4 0% 100%                                      
(parted) quit                                                             

System klonen / Grub nachträglich installieren

# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
# mkswap /dev/sdb2
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb3

# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt
# cd /
# rsync -avtHAX --exclude /mnt --exclude /proc --exclude /sys --exclude /dev --exclude /home --exclude /local / /mnt

# blkid -o value /dev/PARTITION

# vi /mnt/etc/fstab
:
%s/UUIDOLD/UUIDNEW/g
:wq!

UUID=UUIDNEW / ext4 defaults,errors=remount-ro 0 1

# update-initramfs -u

 
# grub-install --root-directory=MOUNTPOINT DEVICE

 
# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdb

# chmod 777 /tmp

# tune2fs -O extents,uninit_bg,dir_index /dev/sdb1
# fsck -fCVD /dev/sdb1

Grub neu installieren

 
# grub-install --root-directory=MOUNTPOINT DEVICE

 
# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdf

Paketlisten aus- und einlesen

# dpkg --get-selections > pakete.txt
# scp pakete.txt root@spica:/root

# dpkg --set-selections < pakete.txt
# apt-get dselect-upgrade

RAID mit mdadm:

# mdadm --examine --scan

# mdadm --assemble --scan

# mdadm --assemble --run /dev/md1 /dev/sdd1

# mdadm --create /dev/md1 --level=1 --raid-disks=2 missing /dev/sdd1

# sfdisk -d /dev/sdd | sfdisk /dev/sdc

# mdadm /dev/md1 --manage --add /dev/sdc1

# watch cat /proc/mdstat

RAID mit mdadm: Booten bei Ausfall einer Platte

(initramfs): mdadm --run /dev/md0
(initramfs): exit

# cd /etc/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-top
# cp /usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-top/mdadm .

  log_warning_msg "failed to assemble all arrays...attempting individual starts"
  for dev in $(cat /proc/mdstat | grep md | cut -d ' ' -f 1); do
    log_begin_msg "attempting mdadm --run $dev"
    if $MDADM --run $dev; then
      verbose && log_success_msg "started $dev"
    else
      log_failure_msg "failed to start $dev"
    fi
  done

# update-initramfs -u
# reboot

Tastaturlayout ändern

# dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration

Startdatei in rc.n

# update-rc.d obi1 defaults

TrueType Fonts (.ttf) installierern

xfce4 Keine Buchstaben sichtbar, nur Platzhalter

(xfwm4:6988): Pango-WARNING **: failed to create cairo scaled font, expect ugly output. the offending font is 'DejaVu Sans 10'

xcfe4 Desktop ist leer, es kann auch nichts neu angelegt werden

Windowmanager/Greeter neu starten

# service lightdm stop
# service lightdm start

X41 / X41T BIOS Update

08.10.2014 Update Bash wegen ShellShock 2.

# bash -c "f() { x() { _;}; x() { _;} <<a; }" 2>/dev/null || echo vulnerable

Segmentation fault
vulnerable

# apt-get install gcc make bison
# cd ~/
# mkdir bash
# cd bash
# wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.3.tar.gz
# while [ true ]; do i=`expr $i + 1`; wget -N https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.3-patches/bash43-$(printf '%03g' $i); if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then break; fi; done
# tar zxvf bash-4.3.tar.gz
# cd bash-4.3
# for p in `ls ../bash43-[0-9][0-9][0-9]`; do patch -p0 < $p; done
# ./configure && make && make install

06.06.2020 Filesystemcheck von unter Debian 9/strech oder 10/buster erstellten Platten mit jessie

# wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/e2fsprogs/1.43.5-1/+build/13199941/+files/e2fsprogs_1.43.5-1_amd64.deb
# wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/e2fsprogs/1.43.5-1/+build/13199941/+files/e2fslibs_1.43.5-1_amd64.deb

# wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/e/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs_1.43.4-2+deb9u1_i386.deb
# wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/e/e2fsprogs/e2fslibs_1.43.4-2+deb9u1_i386.deb

# dpkg -i e2fslibs_1.43.4-2+deb9u1_i386.deb
# dpkg -i e2fsprogs_1.43.4-2+deb9u1_i386.deb
# e2fsck -V

e2fsck 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
	EXT2FS Library version 1.43.4 wird verwendet, 31-Jan-2017

Anhang Dateien

/etc/sudoers

root	ALL=(ALL) ALL
go	ALL=/bin/mount
go	ALL=/sbin/ifconfig
go	ALL=/sbin/cryptsetup
go	ALL=/sbin/losetup	
go	ALL=/bin/umount
go	ALL=/sbin/shutdown
go	ALL=/bin/fuser